ব্লাডার পাথর / Bladder stones

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Bladder stones

Bladder stones are hard lumps of minerals that can form inside the bladder when it’s not completely empty of urine. They may not cause any symptoms if they’re small enough to be passed out of the bladder when you pee. However, most people with bladder stones do experience symptoms because the stones either irritate the wall of the bladder or block the flow of urine.

Typical symptoms of bladder stones include:
• Lower abdominal pain, which can often be severe (men may also have pain in or around their penis)
• Pain or difficulty when peeing
• Peeing more frequently (particularly at night)
• Cloudy or dark-coloured urine
• Blood in the urine

What causes bladder stones?
Bladder stones usually form when you can’t completely empty your bladder of urine. A common reason for this in men is having an enlarged prostate gland that blocks the flow of urine. If urine sits in the bladder for a long time, chemicals in the urine form crystals, which harden into bladder stones.

Treating bladder stones:-
Surgery is usually needed to remove the stones from the bladder. The most common procedure is a cystolitholapaxy, where a thin tube (cystoscope) with a camera at the end is used to find the bladder stones. The cystoscope will then use ‘stone-crushing’ devices, lasers or ultrasound to break up the stones before they’re removed. Where possible, it’s important to treat the underlying causes of bladder stones to prevent new stones developing in the future.

Preventing bladder stones:-
In people with urinary tract infections (utis), the measures below are recommended to try to prevent bladder stones forming. You should:
• Increase your daily fluid intake to 2-3 litres to lower the concentration of your urine
• Regularly empty your bladder without delaying
• Urinate again 10-20 seconds after your first attempt (if you’re unable to empty your bladder completely first time); this is called “double voiding” and it helps empty the bladder more efficiently
• Avoid constipation (regular laxatives may be recommended)